Flora And Fauna Of The Columbian Exchange - 1307 Words

Flora and Fauna in the Columbian Exchange The voyage undertaken by Christopher Columbus to attempt to find a more direct route to India would fail in it s goal. Columbus would not reach India, instead he would land on the banks of a world entirely unknown to Europeans of the time period. His â€Å"discovery† of this New World would have far reaching consequences for both the world he found, and the world from which he departed. This new landmass would prove to be incredibly important in world affairs over the following centuries, with the United States eventually becoming the world superpower we know today. Diseases would be exchanged, decimating entire populations. Culture would be exchanged, bringing entirely new ideas about social order to the forefront. Ultimately however, the exchange of food, and by extension animals, would prove to be the longest-lasting and most important aspect of the Columbian exchange. This exchange of flora and fauna would shape both the New World and the Old, and would have staggering implications for the future of Europe. The exchange of crops would prove to be essential for the expansion of European populations. Staple crops in particular would migrate to Europe with returning ships, and crops such as potatoes and corn would become massively important in the diets of European peoples. The staple crops brought to Europe also had the advantage of requiring growing conditions very different from traditional European crops. This had theShow MoreRelatedAmerica Before Columbus And The Columbian Exchange1597 Words   |  7 Pagesthe arrival of conquistadors and colonists that irrevocably changed the landscape of the Americas, but that it was also the coined term known as the â€Å"Columbian Exchange† that afforded these travelers the ability to proliferate so successfully. The basic definition of the Columbian exchange is one that defines the importation of European flora and fauna. It could also loosely represe nt other imports, both intended and unintended, such as tools, implements, and even disease. Armed with this definitionRead MoreA Fundamental Rule Of Networks1093 Words   |  5 Pagesgoing to discuss include â€Å" The Columbian Exchange†, â€Å"High value luxury goods † and â€Å"Human Commodities(slave trade)† The Columbian Exchange occurred when Columbus came to the Americas.The exchange involved a transaction between the American and Afro-Eurasian hemispheres, this transaction involved an swap in plants, animals, technology and culture. He also initiated a vast exchange in microbial, flora, fauna, and people. The most devastating part of this exchange was the introduction crowd diseasesRead MoreIncas And Aztecs : Maize And Impacts Of The New World813 Words   |  4 Pagesinfluenced Creek, Choctaw, and Cherokee peoples by growing and feeding their populations. 2. Columbian Exchange a. The Columbian Exchange is a term used to describe the trade of raw materials and goods, animals, and diseases between the Old World (Europe) and the New World (the discovered world by Columbus, hence the title of the exchange). The New World provided luxury items such as gold and silver, flora and fauna such as corn, tobacco, and chocolate, and diseases such as syphilis to the Old WorldRead MoreFoundations of The Modern World Essay1064 Words   |  5 Pagestrying to find the reasons of this change came up with five foundations. They are The Columbian Exchange, Europe Confronts the World, The Industrial Revolution, The Nationalism and Democracy and Mass Transportation Communication. They are totally different, took place in different years and places but they all are ingredients of the cake that we call Modern World. The first fundamental, Columbian Exchange, refers to Columbus who was responsible for bringing Europeans to the Western HemisphereRead MoreThe Columbian Exchange And The Colonization Of The Americas2659 Words   |  11 Pages â€Å"The Columbian Exchange† When considering the discoveries of the Americas, commonly one may recall only the presence of Christopher Columbus and the fact that his discovery, or more appropriately rediscovery, brought forth the colonization of certain areas of the Americas, leading, in due time, to a variety of thriving economies that engage in mass import and export between themselves and the world at large. In doing so, it is thus forgotten that, prior to any establishment of a United StatesRead MoreHistory Of The World. Arguement: Throughout All Of Human1642 Words   |  7 Pagesform of transportation. A major item traded between southern and sub-Saharan Africa was salt. The Columbian Exchange was the widespread transfer of plants, animals, culture, human populations, technology, and ideas between the Americas and the Old World in the 15th and 16th centuries, related to European colonization and trade after Christopher Columbus s 1492 voyage. Invasive species of flora and fauna and communicable diseases were a byproduct of the Exchange.The contact between the two areas circulatedRead MoreEssay on Global History from the 15th Century2523 Words   |  11 Pagesthe world, he was also known as the Portuguese navigator. The Columbian Exchange brought about lands with radically different flora, fauna, and diseases. Disease epidemics sparked by the Columbian Exchange probably caused the worst demographic calamity in all of world history. Between 1500 and 1800, upward of one hundred million people may have died of diseases imported into the Americas and Pacific Islands. The Columbian Exchange increased rather than diminished human population because of theRead More Colombia Essay6023 Words   |  25 Pagescountry are varied and extensive. Colombia is the major world source of emeralds. Other significant reserves include petroleum and natural gas, coal, gold, silver, iron ore, salt, platinum, and some uranium. CPlants and Animals The indigenous flora and fauna of Colombia are as varied as the topography. Mangroves and coconut palms grow along the Caribbean coast, and the forest regions, which cover about one-half of the country, include such commercially useful trees as mahogany, lignum vitae, oak,Read MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagesbrought on by warfare, famine, periodic genocidal onslaughts, and worldwide epidemics. In no previous epoch of history was war so vilified and peace so consciously pursued through the establishment of international organizations and diplomatic exchanges. Despite these endeavors, the levels of domestic and international violence within human populations and the ravages visited upon animals and the natural world by humans vastly exceeded that of any previous era in history. In a century where human

Bad Frog Case Study Essay examples - 9445 Words

Bad Frog Brewery, Inc. v. New York State Liquor Authority 134 F.3d 87 (1998) Copyright 2002 Lawrence O. Gostin. No claim made to original government works Doc. 11134087 BAD FROG BREWERY v. NEW YORK STATE LIQUOR AUTH., 134 F.3d 87 (1998) 1 of 18 BAD FROG BREWERY, INC. PLAINTIFF-APPELLANT v. NEW YORK STATE LIQUOR AUTHORITY, ANTHONY J. CASALE, LAWRENCE J. GEDDA, EDWARD F. KELLY, INDIVIDUALLY AND AS MEMBERS OF THE NEW YORK STATE LIQUOR AUTHORITY, DEFENDANTS-APPELLEES UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE SECOND CIRCUIT 134 F.3d 87 October 22, 1997, Argued January 15, 1998, Decided  «90  » JON O. NEWMAN, Circuit Judge: A picture of a frog with the second of its four unwebbed fingers extended in a manner evocative of a†¦show more content†¦Bad Frog filed a new application in August, resubmitting the prior labels and slogans, but omitting the label with the slogan Hes mean, green and obscene, a slogan the Authority had previously found rendered the entire label obscene. That slogan was replaced with a new slogan, Turning bad into good. The second application, like the first, included promotional material making the extravagant claim that the frogs gesture, whatever its past meaning in The gesture, also sometimes referred to as flipping the bird, see New Dictionary of American Slang 133, 141 (1986), is acknowledged by Bad Frog to convey, among other things, the message fuck you. The District Court found that the gesture connotes a patently offensive suggestion, presumably a suggestion to having intercourse with ones self. 1 Hand gestures signifying an insult have been in use throughout the world for ma ny centuries. The gesture of the extended middle finger is said to have been used by Diogenes to insult Demosthenes. See Betty J. Buml Franz H. Buml, Dictionary of Worldwide Gestures 159 (2d ed. 1997). Other hand gestures regarded as insults in some countries include an extended right thumb, an extended little finger, and raised index and middle fingers, not to mention those effected with two hands. See id. Public Health Law and Ethics: A Reader Copyright  © 2002 Lawrence O. Gostin BAD FROG BREWERY v. NEW YORK STATE LIQUOR AUTH., 134 F.3d 87 (1998) 3 of 18Show MoreRelatedAnimal Abuse : An Old Story1325 Words   |  6 PagesZorn British literature 19 February 2016 Animal Abuse There is an old story I was told a child: â€Å"A frog and a scorpion wished to cross a lake. The scorpion asked the frog if he could ride on his back. The frog replied â€Å"How do I know you won t sting me?† The scorpion promised he wouldn t. Halfway across the lake the frog felt a sharp pain in his back. The scorpion had stung him. The frog asked him â€Å"Why did you do that? Now we ll both drown.† The scorpion simply replied â€Å"I could not help myselfRead More Sales Ethics Essay example1344 Words   |  6 PagesSales Ethics What are they and how can they be better Followed? To fully understand the nature of the question posed one must know the meaning of ethics. Webster’s dictionary defines ethics as the philosophical study of the moral value of human conduct and of the rules and principles that ought to govern it; moral philosophy, the moral fitness of a decision, course of action, etc. Basically, I believe ethics is how one makes a decision according to the social norm that surrounds him. The socialRead MoreRacism Present In Disney/Pixar Films. For Many Parents,1587 Words   |  7 Pagesup and tell them â€Å"These movies are fairly racist, you should show them to your children lest they get the wrong idea!† in most cases, they will find them to be just a closet nutcase and ignore that like it never happened. Society and these movies have conditioned the people so much that people cannot even identify the racism present, because when they see it, those cases are not seen in there head as unnatural but the opposite so then it fades into the background and unless asked to focus they probablyRead More Teen Curfews are NOT Necessary Essay774 Words   |  4 PagesTeen Curfews are NOT Necessary â€Å"In one study the average adult surmised that teens amount for forty-three percent of all violent crimes, when in reality the number is only a mere thirteen percent, and this number is made up of only half a percent of minors.† (Stoup, Page 1) Teenagers should not be forced to follow a ridged time schedule because of a curfew. Curfews severely reduce the amount of time that minors have to do things like youth events or church groups. Some people believe that youthRead MorePersonal Life And Life Balance1626 Words   |  7 Pageslacking concentration, bad family life and social life, no time to pursue hobbies. Most of the times people finds it difficult to maintain a balance in work-life. Maintaining work-life balance not necessarily means that everything should be in routine; it is about establishing a harmony; it s about recognizing when you re getting out of balance, and setting it right back again. It is about you taking charge of your life; and not work taking charge of your life. It is like the frog-in-boiling-water syndromeRead More Is There a Criminal Brain? Essay1664 Words   |  7 PagesEveryones brain is made up slightly differently, which is good because it provides individual variation. These biological differences can greatly influence how the individual behaves. For example, the frog brain and the human brain look very different structurally and the behaviors exhibited by a frog and a human are very different. Differences in brain structure are not limited to different species, there can be differences within the same species. Wildcats and domestic cats are a good example ofRead MoreHow My Lesson Plan Incorporates Children s Stories1733 Words   |  7 Pagesteacher needs to complete to teach students how to interpret the text. The lesson uses children’s books to correct the problem by having relatability established beforehand and, in many cases, getting students to interact with the material in a critical way that is meaningful for them. Numerous studies have shown that using materials that students relate to and care about increases retention and speeds up initial learning. Connections are rarely formed, however, when students are forced to quicklyRead More Dissection Alternatives Essay2540 Words   |  11 Pagescompliments existing humane education. There are many types of alternatives available such as videos, CD-ROM activities, models, simulators, books, and interactive websites. The most commonly dissected vertebrate animals are fetal pigs, cats, and frogs, and therefore there are many alternatives available for these three animals. However, there are also alternatives for other animals such as sharks, rabbits, mice, snakes, minks, turtles, crayfish, clams, earthworms, starfish, and squid. Such alternativesRead MoreThe Ethics Of Animal Testing3440 Words   |  14 Pagesor laboratory animal science have been a popular controversial issue. Since the seventeenth century, there are debates on the ethics of animal testing. The ultimate goal of the development of laboratory animal science, that is, through the animal studies of the phenomenon of life itself, and then push the use of human, explore the mysteries of human life, control of human diseases and aging and prolong human life. Nowadays, Animal experiments are permitted in many countries. In the other hand, thereRead MoreThe Ethics Of Enron Scandal1017 Words   |  5 PagesThe Dilemma Often an ethical dilemma does not appear abruptly but can rather be the proverbial slow boiling of a frog as they say. Enron was an economic powerhouse in the early to late 90’s. Its financial success was due to a great understanding of the opportunities available in the energy market due to deregulation across the country. The company was founded on sound financial principles which turned to illegal recklessness over time. Key personnel succumbed to unethical pressures which built up

Campari Case free essay sample

Andrea Dimichele 4105507 QUESTIONS: * What are the functional areas in the supply chain function and which is the guiding element of the whole function? * What may be the advantages and the disadvantages of a stable production cycle producing batches of large dimensions? * How do Camparis distribution flows work and which logics do they satisfy? * What is the role of customer service and what do the people involved in this function do? * How does the online auction system work? The functional areas in the supply chain of Campari are: Procurement of materials Production: sites where the products are made and ready to the first delivery, to the distribution center there are 13 all over the world. Logistics and transports: that is probably the guiding element of the whole supply chain. A huge products portfolio let Campari’s group to focus the attention on the distribution process. It is split in two different channels, the modern one (GDO, DO) and the traditional one (wholesaler s, liquor stores and ho. We will write a custom essay sample on Campari Case or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page e. ca day and night). Certain areas let Campari to distribute its products directly to customers such as disco for spirit segment or directly to restaurants for Wine segment (i. e. Sella amp; Mosca). Distribution strategy so is fundamental to GARANTIRE a constant and efficient position and to be close to customers. For this reason Campari group in Italy decide to outsource this process of supply chain. In fact the central distribution center is owned by ‘’Gruppo Zanardo’’. As Donatella Rampinelli, Customer management director, highlight ‘’ the choice to outsource the distribution process in founded on logics of efficiency and EFFICACIA. Until 1991 distribution process was owned by Campari but this generate very high cost for the company so starting from 1995 they decide to outsource the process (also more focused in GDO channel) and this permit also to maximizing the effect on warehouse management ( stocking, order management, inventory). Export Management: that involve foreign order, management of commercial border and custom paperwork and physical delivery management. Administrative: that involve administrative and physical paperwork related to import/export, management of warehouses, or the introduction of new products (custom codes and quantification of taxes). Customer management * The advantages of having a stable production cycle producing batches of large dimensions is that it could facilitate planning of production, warehouses, distribution, and order. Standardization of the process. Another could be cost saving in terms of production process, using economies of scale or the fully disponibilita of products in order to maintain customer loyalty. On the other hand disadvantages are related to higher stock and warehouse costs (also due to taxes) †¦.. * The distribution process start from the order of the customer, it could be inserted directly from headquarters (fax-mail) or arrive from the SAP CIS through EDI (electronic data interchange) or via CRM (customer relationship management) through the sales force. The process of distribution end with the shipment that could be shipped from production plants directly to customer or passing through distribution centers. The process of shipment as already said is outsourced in order to reduce transportation costs, in order to obtain better quality and have on time information on the status of deliveries. Obtaining information in real time about the status of the shipment is fundamental in order to be able to inform the customer in real time and also in order to a better planning of next shipment, warehouses and problem solving (returns, substitutions, delays, urgencies, and so on). * Customer service†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ How does the online auction system work? *

Kean University Essay Help

Kean University Essay Help Essay Prompts Admission essay help documentation Two (2) letters of recommendation. Letters may be from teachers, counselors,  employers, coaches, etc. Personal essay writing by you (1 ­2 pages) expressing your educational and professional career  goals. List of your high school activities and/or work experiences, indicating any  leadership positions held. How to submit Essay/Personal  Statement: Upload to your Kean Application/Common Application. Mail/Fax/E ­mail a .doc or .pdf copy of your essay to the  Kean Office of Admissions. OFFICE OF ADMISSIONS CONTACTS Kean Hall  ­ North Wing T: 908.737.7100 F: 908.737.7105 Alumni statistics Where they live Greater New York City Area   34,990 Greater Philadelphia Area   1,476 Greater Atlanta Area   439 Miami/Fort Lauderdale Area   405 Washington D.C. Metro Area   383 Where they work Newark Public Schools   179 Merck   165 Rutgers University   159 Elizabeth Board of Education   159 ATT   145 What they do Education   5,325 Sales   4,496 Operations   3,969 Healthcare Services-  2,902 Entrepreneurship   2,311 Administrative   2,286 Support   2,190 Finance   2,126 What they studied Psychology   3,676 Business Administration and Management, General   3,615 Accounting   2,484 Marketing   1,827 Computer Science   1,539 Management Science   1,285 Elementary Education and Teaching   1,269 English Language and Literature/Letters   1,191 What they’re skilled at Customer Service   10,560 Microsoft Office   10,049 Microsoft Excel   7,964 Management   7,945 Leadership   7,176 Microsoft Word   7,091 Public Speaking   6,986 PowerPoint   6,658 Michael Callan Chief Operating Officer Regional Director of Operations at Alliance Hospitality Management Various Operational Management Positions at Interstate Hotels Corporation Chief Operating Officer / Vice President of Operations at Global Hotel Group Bachelor of Science, Management Science 1986 – 1990 Jack Zimmerman CFO at Evonik Oil Additives USA, Inc CFO at Evonik Oil Additives USA, Inc. VP Controlling at Degussa Corp FI-CO SAP Team Lead at Degussa Corp (now Evonik) BS, Accounting 1973 – 1976 Marisa Petroro Actress Actress at Drop Dead Diva Actress at Back Of Book Staged Reading w Ed Asner Actress at Ragtop DayDream Short Film Bachelors in Science, Marketing 1991 – 1995 Lisa Mills, CBCP Chief Information Security Officer at Deutsche Bank Assistant Vice President, Business Continuity Planning / Risk Management at Merrill Lynch Operations Management at Merrill Lynch BS, Business and Marketing 1985 – 1989 Recommendations to apply Kean University My Alma Mater ! I am glad to be part of Kean University. Not doubt that Kean is the best University for educators in N.J. My college experience was awesome because of my professors and classmates. I truly have learned so much from my classes and professors. I really had a great time during my college years. I graduated from Kean with honors with a Bachelors Degree in Liberal Arts and Spanish in 2008 as well as my son did in 2011 with a Bachelors Degree in Media and Film. In 2006 I was a Founding Member and Vice-President of the Sigma Delta Pi which is the National Collegiate Hispanic Honor Society for students, scholars, and professionals in the area of Hispanic studies. Membership is an honor given to excellence in the field. My time at Kean was definitely one of the best moment of my life. Kean provided me with the tools that I needed to become successful. I love Kean, my Alma Matter! Francisco Guerrero World Language Teacher at South Plainfield Public Schools World Language Teacher at South Plainfield Public Schools 2004 – 2008, Bachelor of Arts in World Languages

A Permanent Death - Capital Punishment Essays - Penology

A Permanent Death - Capital Punishment Let American Consumer Counseling Help you Get Out of Debt! A Permanent Death - Capital Punishment There are five basic reasons that society uses when imposing "punishment" that I've been able to conclude from my readings. I will discuss these societal concepts and show that the death penalty does not serve to further them. As a result William Smith should not be subject to the death penalty and in fact the same should be abolished from our system of "punishment". Deterrence Deterrence is basically defined as "the punishment should fit the crime." Under this concept, the individual committing the crime and society are prevented from committing this action again. In the case of the death penalty, an individual kills another human and he is "punished" for it by death. Punishment is supposed to be a temporary penalization for a wrongful action. Death is far from temporary. One is to learn from one's mistakes. How can the person learn if they are paying for their mistake with their life? In Ernest van den Haag's article, "The Ultimate Punishment: A Defense" he states, "The death penalty is our harshest punishment. It is irrevocable: it ends the existence of those punished, instead of temporarily imprisoning them." (Haag, 251). By imposing the death penalty the individual does not learn from their mistakes and neither does society. Economy Under this concept, punishment should be economical. As Haag points out, "...the monetary cost of appealing a capital sentence is excessive." (Haag, 253). Further, "...actual monetary costs are trumped by the importance of doing justice." (Haag, 253). Additionally there are specific costs associated with keeping an inmate on death row, (i.e. the cost of the specially built prison blocks, the need for maximum security, etc.) and more. These costs clearly out weigh the regular costs incurred to house a regular inmate. Deterrence is clearly not served by imposing the death penalty and society aims for justice are thwarted. Restitution Society demands that the punishment should fix the harm it has done. By sentencing a person to death no harm has been fixed. You can not bring the murdered person back by taking the prisoner's life. "Punishment-regardless of the motivation is not intended to revenge, offset, or compensate for the victims suffering or to be measured by it." (Haag, 253). Retribution The community demands that justice be served. Would justice not equally be served and in fact may be better served by life imprisonment? I believe it would be a worse punishment to endure a life sentence in prison. The individual is deprived of his liberty. He will then suffer and live the rest of his or her life within three lonely walls and a set of bars. It gives the individual time to think and wallow in his own guilt. Someone kills another. The State then proceeds to kill him for doing so. This is not punishment but revenge. Revenge is inconsistent with society's demands that justice be served because the punishment has to fit the crime. Justice Brennan has insisted that the death penalty is "uncivilized, " "inhuman," inconsistent with "human dignity" and with the "dignity of life." (Haag, 254). Brennan speaks of moral imperatives. It is morally wrong for someone to kill someone. If so, then the state is committing a morally wrongful act. As they say, "two wrongs don't make a right." Rehabilitation Society desires for its members to reintegrate themselves into society. Punishment includes preparing the person to reenter society and lead a productive life. Without doubt, if you impose the death penalty there is no opportunity for rehabilitation. Overview of the William Alvin Smith case William Alvin Smith robbed and killed the owner of a grocery store in Georgia when he was 20 years old. He turned himself to the police and signed a confession. The local jury condemned Smith to the electric chair but a federal judge ordered a new sentencing hearing for Smith on the grounds that he lacked the ability to understand the significance of waiving his rights to remain silent and to have an attorney present. Smith has the mental capacity of a ten-year-old. Analysis of the William Alvin Smith Case in Relation to Society's Expectations of Punishment William Smith stands before you guilty but guilty of what? That is the question. I propose to you that the only thing we can condemn William Smith for is being guilty of being a child and acting the way a child would. Let us examine his actions. William Smith in whatever state of mind he was at the time he committed this act fully acknowledged that he did in fact do something wrong.

Free Essays on Osteoporosis

Essay on Osteoporosis The topic I have chosen is Osteoporosis, a condition of increased skeletal fragility. Clinically Osteoporosis is ordinarily explained in relation to the bone density. In after growth the strength of the bone depends on two factors – the peak firmness of bone gained in early stages of life and later age related and hormone weakness related bone loss. In the event of calcium deficiency state (decreased dietary intake, malabsorption or increased loss) calcium requirements are met by skeletal calcium release leading to a negative calcium balance. Over a prolonged period of time this may lead to Osteoporosis. Osteoporosis is a disease of brittle bones. Loss of bone mineral (calcium) leads to weakening of the skeleton, fragility and bony fractures. In Osteoporosis the bone condition is characterized by a decrease in mass, resulting in bones that are more easily fractured than normal bones. The most common fractures are that of the wrist, spine, and hip. Nonetheless, all bones can be affected. Both men and women are at risk of developing Osteoporosis. Men tend to develop Osteoporosis later in life. White females are the most at risk, but other risk factors include low calcium intake; insufficient physical activity; certain drugs, such as corticosteroids, and a family history of the disease. Primary Osteoporosis is the most common form of the disease. Postmenopausal, or oestrogen-deficient, Osteoporosis (Type 1), which is observed in women whose ovaries have ceased to produce the hormone Oestrogen; age-related Osteoporosis (Type 2), which affects those over the age of 70; and Idiopathic Osteoporosis, a rare disorder of unknown cause that affects premenopausal women and men who are middle aged or younger. Secondary Osteoporosis may be caused by bone disuse as a result of paralysis or other conditions, including weightlessness in space; endocrine and nutritional disorders, including anorexia nerv... Free Essays on Osteoporosis Free Essays on Osteoporosis Essay on Osteoporosis The topic I have chosen is Osteoporosis, a condition of increased skeletal fragility. Clinically Osteoporosis is ordinarily explained in relation to the bone density. In after growth the strength of the bone depends on two factors – the peak firmness of bone gained in early stages of life and later age related and hormone weakness related bone loss. In the event of calcium deficiency state (decreased dietary intake, malabsorption or increased loss) calcium requirements are met by skeletal calcium release leading to a negative calcium balance. Over a prolonged period of time this may lead to Osteoporosis. Osteoporosis is a disease of brittle bones. Loss of bone mineral (calcium) leads to weakening of the skeleton, fragility and bony fractures. In Osteoporosis the bone condition is characterized by a decrease in mass, resulting in bones that are more easily fractured than normal bones. The most common fractures are that of the wrist, spine, and hip. Nonetheless, all bones can be affected. Both men and women are at risk of developing Osteoporosis. Men tend to develop Osteoporosis later in life. White females are the most at risk, but other risk factors include low calcium intake; insufficient physical activity; certain drugs, such as corticosteroids, and a family history of the disease. Primary Osteoporosis is the most common form of the disease. Postmenopausal, or oestrogen-deficient, Osteoporosis (Type 1), which is observed in women whose ovaries have ceased to produce the hormone Oestrogen; age-related Osteoporosis (Type 2), which affects those over the age of 70; and Idiopathic Osteoporosis, a rare disorder of unknown cause that affects premenopausal women and men who are middle aged or younger. Secondary Osteoporosis may be caused by bone disuse as a result of paralysis or other conditions, including weightlessness in space; endocrine and nutritional disorders, including anorexia nerv... Free Essays on Osteoporosis Osteoporosis Osteoporosis is a disease characterized by low bone mass and structural deterioration of bone tissue, leading to fragile bones and an increased chance of fracturing the hip, spine and wrist bones. Osteoporosis affects not only woman but men also. One out of every two women and one in four men over fifty will experience an osteoporosis-related fracture in their lifetime. Forty-four million Americans suffer from osteoporosis; sixty-eight percent of that number are women. A couple risk factors that you cannot change concerning osteoporosis are gender, age, body size, ethnicity, and family history. Your chances of developing osteoporosis are greater if you are a woman. Women have less bone tissue and lose bone more rapidly than men because of the changes involved in menopause. Age, the older you are, the greater the risk of osteoporosis. Your bones become less dense and weaker as you age. Body size, small, thin-boned women are at greater risk. Ethnicity, Caucasian and Asian women are at highest risk. African American and Latino women have a lower but significant risk. Family history, susceptibility to fracture may be in part, hereditary. People whose parents have a history of fractures also seem to have reduced bone mass and may be at risk for fractures. Some different risk factors that you can change to help decrease the possibilities of osteoporosis are sex hormones, anorexia, a lifetime diet low in calcium and vitamin D, use of certain medications, inactive lifestyle or extended bed rest, cigarette smoking, excessive use of alcohol are all risks you can prevent. Vitamin D and calcium are two main vitamins needed to keep your bones strong. Without each other, ones bones weaken. Vitamin D is needed for the body to absorb calcium. Without enough Vitamin D, we can not form enough of the hormonal calcitriol, which helps the calcium be absorbed. You can get Vitamin D from either your daily... Free Essays on Osteoporosis Osteoporosis The meaning of the word Osteoporosis is literally â€Å"porous bones.† This is explained as a disease in which proteins and minerals, especially calcium, are lost in excessive amounts. This results in the loss of bone mass, which leads to the breaking and fracturing of the bone(s). In order to understand Osteoporosis, you have to know about the stages of the bones (Boughton, 2116). Bone is living tissue in the body that has a two-staged process in order to constantly renew itself. The first stage of the bone process is called formation. The nutrients in the bloodstream build up new bone tissue. The second stage, called resorption, is where bone cells are broken down and then returned to the blood. Since Osteoporosis is a non-infectious disease, meaning that it is not a pathogen, it is the continuation or acceleration of the natural bone processes. There are two types of Osteoporosis that are both damaging to the bones. The first type of Osteoporosis is called Primary Osteoporosis. In this case, it occurs by the acceleration of the body’s normal aging process. The other type of the disease is called Secondary Osteoporosis. Other disease processes and certain medications are the causes of this type (Boughton, 2117). The process of Primary Osteoporosis occurs when resorption and formation becomes unbalanced. This is when bone is continually being removed, but no new bone is formed in place of it. This makes the bones weaker and smaller. Secondary Osteoporosis, on the other hand, has the same result as Primary, but occurs differently. Secondary Osteoporosis is when drugs and other diseases aid in increasing the rate of the resorption process (Boyden, 559). Although Osteoporosis is caused when the resorption rate is much greater than the formation processes, there are many factors that aid in developing the disease. Some of these influential factors include age, gender, diet, lifestyle, and figure ... Free Essays on Osteoporosis Osteoporosis Osteoporosis is a bone disease in which bones become thinner and more porous. This disease is usually painless until a bone breaks or fractures. Fractures are the most common result of osteoporosis. These fractures are usually in the spine, hip and wrist. More than 1.5 million osteoporosis-related fractures occur each year in the United States, mostly in older women (). Although men do suffer from this ailment, osteoporosis is most common among older women. About 25% of women older than 60 years have this disease (Strange 25). Many times this disease goes undiagnosed until signs and symptoms arise, most commonly are fractures. Yes, but much less commonly than women. The cause of osteoporosis in men is often chronic alcoholism. Loss of testosterone (a male hormone similar to estrogen in women) is another cause. Although not all causes of osteoporosis are known, loss of estrogen, due to menopause, is a major known cause for women. Women who either have had early menopause or their ovaries surgically removed before age forty-five, who do not receive estrogen treatment, are also more likely to develop osteoporosis. Other factors causing osteoporosis include small body frames, excessive use of alcohol, smoking cigarettes, and enduring excessively strenuous exercise that stops menstrual periods. Additionally to these causes are factors known to lead to osteoporosis. These include a family history of the disease, a low dietary intake of calcium, the use of medications such as prednisone or other steroids, hormonal disorders such as hyperthyroidism, hyperparathyroidism, and Cushings disease, and other diseases such as chronic liver disease and intestinal disorders. Aging is another major factor in the cause of osteoporosis. Without treatment, men and women lose one to three percent of their bone s mass each year after age 50. As life expectancies increase, osteoporosis may become even more prevalent unless preventive measure...

Leadership Approach Paper Research Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Leadership Approach - Research Paper Example This paper discusses group performance study as an approach to studying leadership. Organizational group performance is the performance of various groups that are involved in the functioning organizational departments to achieve its goals. The efficiency of departmental groups contributes to the general success of the whole organization. Training employees in various groups helps them evaluate their performance by identifying the possible gaps in their skills or performance and plan on how to make effective improvements. According to Yuki (2010), for a group to be effective, all members have to work in unity to achieve results. Issues arising among the different members of the group are a hindrance on achieving results. These issues could be either task related, interpersonal related or either common. Measurement of group performance relies on the contribution of all group members working towards completing a similar task by application of interpersonal skills. A good leader should possess skills and knowledge to direct the group members in achieving the common goal. The out-come of the group measures the leaders’ level of performance. The performance of the entire organization is largely depended on the performance of the various groups of the organization. A successful leader should be in a position to control the various groups of the organization to achieve the goal of organization (Kottler & Englar, 2010). A leader chooses the most preferable method of leadership to apply to the group, which could either be autocratic or democratic. An autocratic leader makes the group’s decision with minimum or no consultations from the other members, while a democratic leader allows consultations of all group members and considers individual opinions regarding the issue at hand. Group leadership defines the purpose of the group, and every member is of the group feels proud to belong to the group. Members understand the roles